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Mahābhārata • Parva 13 (Anuśāsanaparva) • Adhyāya 24

Anuśāsanaparva Adhyāya 24

अनुशासनपर्व • अध्यायः 24

Anuśāsanaparva Adhyāya 24 of the classical Mahābhārata with 102 verses.

Total: 102 Verses • Citations: MBh 13.24.1–102 • 250 Lexicon Terms • Page 2 of 4 (Verses 30 shown)
अकल्कको ह्यतर्कश्च ब्राह्मणो भरतर्षभ । ससंज्ञो भैक्ष्यवृत्तिश्च स राजन्केतनक्षमः ॥
English Translation
That Brahmana who is shorn of pride or sin, who is not given to dry disputation, or who lives upon alms got in his rounds of mendicancy from house to house; should, O king, be invited to sacrifices.
अव्रती कितवः स्तेनः प्राणिविक्रय्यथो वणिक् । पश्चाच्च पीतवान्सोमं स राजन्केतनक्षमः ॥
English Translation
One who does not observe vows or who is given to untruth, who is a theif, or who lives by the sale of living creatures or by trade in general, should be invited to Shraddhas, ) king, if he happen to subsequently drink Soma in a sacrifice.
अर्जयित्वा धनं पूर्वं दारुणैः कृषिकर्मभिः । भवेत्सर्वातिथिः पश्चात्स राजन्केतनक्षमः ॥
English Translation
That man who having acquired riches by foul or cruel means subsequently spends it in worshipping the gods and performing the duties of hospitality, becomes worthy, O king, of being invited to Shraddhas.
ब्रह्मविक्रयनिर्दिष्टं स्त्रिया यच्चार्जितं धनम् । अदेयं पितृदेवेभ्यो यच्च क्लैब्यादुपार्जितम् ॥
English Translation
The riches that one has acquired by the sale of Vedic learning, or which has been acquired by a woman, or which has been gamed by meanness, should never be given to Brahmanas or spent in making offerings to the departed manes.
क्रियमाणेऽपवर्गे तु यो द्विजो भरतर्षभ । न व्याहरति यद्युक्तं तस्याधर्मो गवानृतम् ॥
English Translation
That Brahmana, O chief of Bharata's race, who upon the completion of a Shraddha that is performed with his help, refuses to utter the words yukta, commits the sin of swearing falsely in a suit for land.
श्राद्धस्य ब्राह्मणः कालः प्राप्तं दधि घृतं तथा । सोमक्षयश्च मांसं च यदारण्यं युधिष्ठिर ॥
English Translation
The time for celebrating the Shraddha, O Yudhishthira, is that when one gets a good Brahmana and curds and clarified butter and the sacred day of the new moon and the meat of wild animals such as deer and others.
श्राद्धापवर्गे विप्रस्य स्वधा वै स्वदिता भवेत् । क्षत्रियस्याप्यथो ब्रूयात्प्रीयन्तां पितरस्त्विति ॥
English Translation
Upon the termination of a Shraddha performed by a Brahmana the word Svadha should be uttered. If performed by a Kshatriya the words that should be uttered are Let your departed manes be pleased.
अपवर्गे तु वैश्यस्य श्राद्धकर्मणि भारत । अक्षय्यमभिधातव्यं स्वस्ति शूद्रस्य भारत ॥
पुण्याहवाचनं दैवे ब्राह्मणस्य विधीयते । एतदेव निरोंकारं क्षत्रियस्य विधीयते । वैश्यस्य चैव वक्तव्यं प्रीयन्तां देवता इति ॥
कर्मणामानुपूर्वीं च विधिपूर्वकृतं शृणु । जातकर्मादिकान्सर्वांस्त्रिषु वर्णेषु भारत । ब्रह्मक्षत्रे हि मन्त्रोक्ता वैश्यस्य च युधिष्ठिर ॥
English Translation
All the rites consequent upon birth, O Bharata, are necessary in the case of all the three castes. All these rites, O Yudhishthira, in the case of both Brahmanas and Kshatriyas as also in that of Vaishyas, are to be performed with the help of Mantras.
विप्रस्य रशना मौञ्जी मौर्वी राजन्यगामिनी । बाल्वजीत्येव वैश्यस्य धर्म एष युधिष्ठिर ॥
English Translation
The girdle of Brahmana should be made of Munja grass. That of a Kshatriya should be a bowstring. The Vaishya's girdle should be made of the Valvaji grass. This has been laid down in the scriptures.
दातुः प्रतिग्रहीतुश्च धर्माधर्माविमौ शृणु । ब्राह्मणस्यानृतेऽधर्मः प्रोक्तः पातकसंज्ञितः । चतुर्गुणः क्षत्रियस्य वैश्यस्याष्टगुणः स्मृतः ॥
English Translation
Listen now to me as I explain to you what forms the merits and demerits of both givers and recipients of gifts. A Brahmana violates his duty by uttering an untruth. Such an act on his part is sinful. A Kshatriya perpetrates four fold and a Vaishya eightfold the sin that a Brahmana incurs by uttering an untruth.
नान्यत्र ब्राह्मणोऽश्नीयात्पूर्वं विप्रेण केतितः । यवीयान्पशुहिंसायां तुल्यधर्मो भवेत्स हि ॥
English Translation
A Brahmana should not eat elsewhere, having been previously invited by a Brahmana. By eating at the house of the person by whom he has been invited afterwards, he becomes inferior and even incurs the sin of the slaughter of an animal on occasions other than those of sacrifices.
अथ राजन्यवैश्याभ्यां यद्यश्नीयात्तु केतितः । यवीयान्पशुहिंसायां भागार्धं समवाप्नुयात् ॥
English Translation
So also, if he eats elsewhere after having been invited by a Kshatriya or a Vaishya, he falls away from his position and incurs half the sin of the slaughter of an animal on occasion other than those of sacrifices.
दैवं वाप्यथ वा पित्र्यं योऽश्नीयाद्ब्राह्मणादिषु । अस्नातो ब्राह्मणो राजंस्तस्याधर्मो गवानृतम् ॥
English Translation
That Brahmana, O king, who eats on occasions of such acts as are performed in honour of the gods or the departed manes by Brahmanas and Kshatriyas and Vaishyas, without having performed his ablutions, commits the sin of uttering an untruth for a COW.
आशौचो ब्राह्मणो राजन्योऽश्नीयाद्ब्राह्मणादिषु । ज्ञानपूर्वमथो लोभात्तस्याधर्मो गवानृतम् ॥
English Translation
That Brahmana, O king, who eats on occasions of similar acts performed by persons belonging to three higher castes, at a time when he is impure on account of either a birth or a death among his cognates, and knowing that he is impure or through temptation, commits the same sin.
अन्नेनान्नं च यो लिप्सेत्कर्मार्थं चैव भारत । आमन्त्रयति राजेन्द्र तस्याधर्मोऽनृतं स्मृतम् ॥
English Translation
He who lives upon riches acquired under false pretences like that of sojourns to sacred places or who begs the giver for riches pretending that he would spend it in religious acts, commits, O king, the sin of uttering an untruth,
अवेदव्रतचारित्रास्त्रिभिर्वर्णैर्युधिष्ठिर । मन्त्रवत्परिविष्यन्ते तेष्वधर्मो गवानृतम् ॥
English Translation
That person, belonging to any of the three higher castes, O Yudhishthira, Yudhishthira, who at Shraddhas and on other occasions distributes food with the help of Mantras, to such Brahmanas as do not study the Vedas or who do not observe vows or who have not purified their conduct, forsooth, commits sin.
पित्र्यं वाप्यथ वा दैवं दीयते यत्पितामह । एतदिच्छाम्यहं श्रोतुं दत्तं येषु महाफलम् ॥
English Translation
Yudhishthira said I wish O grandfather, to know who those persons are by giving to whom the things dedicated to the gods and the departed manes, one may acquire sufficient rewards.
येषां दाराः प्रतीक्षन्ते सुवृष्टिमिव कर्षकाः । उच्छेषपरिशेषं हि तान्भोजय युधिष्ठिर ॥
English Translation
Bhishma said Do you, O Yudhishthira, feed those Brahmanas whose wives respectfully wait for the residue of the dishes of their husbands like tillers of the soil waiting respectfully for timely showers of rain.
चारित्रनियता राजन्ये कृशाः कृशवृत्तयः । अर्थिनश्चोपगच्छन्ति तेषु दत्तं महाफलम् ॥
English Translation
By making gifts to those Brahmanas who are always of pure conduct, О king, who are liberated by abstaining from all luxuries and even full meals who are given to the observance of such vows as lead to the emaciation of the body, and who approach givers with the object of getting gifts, one acquires great merit.
तद्भक्तास्तद्गृहा राजंस्तद्धनास्तदपाश्रयाः । अर्थिनश्च भवन्त्यर्थे तेषु दत्तं महाफलम् ॥
English Translation
By making gifts to Brahmanas who considers conduct in the light of food, who considers conduct in the light of wives and children, who considers conduct in the light of strength, who considers conduct in the light of their refuge for crossing this world and acquiring happiness in the next, and who beg for riches only when wealth is absolutely needed, one acquires great merit.
तस्करेभ्यः परेभ्यो वा ये भयार्ता युधिष्ठिर । अर्थिनो भोक्तुमिच्छन्ति तेषु दत्तं महाफलम् ॥
English Translation
By making gifts to those persons, O Yudhishthira, who having lost everything through thieves or oppressors, approach the giver one gains great merit.
अकल्ककस्य विप्रस्य भैक्षोत्करकृतात्मनः । बटवो यस्य भिक्षन्ति तेभ्यो दत्तं महाफलम् ॥
English Translation
By making gifts to such Brahmanas as beg food from the hands of even a poor person of their caste who has just got something from others, one acquires great merit.
हृतस्वा हृतदाराश्च ये विप्रा देशसंप्लवे । अर्थार्थमभिगच्छन्ति तेभ्यो दत्तं महाफलम् ॥
English Translation
By making gifts to such Brahmanas as have lost everything in times of universal distress and as have been deprived of their wives on such occasions, and as come to givers with solicitations for alms one acquires great merit.
व्रतिनो नियमस्थाश्च ये विप्राः श्रुतसंमताः । तत्समाप्त्यर्थमिच्छन्ति तेषु दत्तं महाफलम् ॥
English Translation
By making gifts to such Brahmanas as observe vows and as place themselves voluntarily under painful rules and regulations, according to the Vedic injunctions, and as come to solicit riches for spending it upon the rites necessary to complete their vows and other observances one acquires great merit.
अव्युत्क्रान्ताश्च धर्मेषु पाषण्डसमयेषु च । कृशप्राणाः कृशधनास्तेषु दत्तं महाफलम् ॥
English Translation
By making gifts to such Brahmanas as live at a great distance from the practices followed by the sinful and the wicked, as are shorn of strength for want of adequate support, and as are very poor in earthly possessions, one acquires great merit.
कृतसर्वस्वहरणा निर्दोषाः प्रभविष्णुभिः । स्पृहयन्ति च भुक्तान्नं तेषु दत्तं महाफलम् ॥
English Translation
By making gifts to such Brahmanas as have been deprived of all their possessions by powerful men but as are perfectly innocent and as desire to fill their stomachs with any and every sort of food, one acquires great merit.
तपस्विनस्तपोनिष्ठास्तेषां भैक्षचराश्च ये । अर्थिनः किंचिदिच्छन्ति तेषु दत्तं महाफलम् ॥
English Translation
By making gifts to such Brahmanas as beg on behalf of others performing penances and devoted to them, and as are satisfied with even small gifts one acquires great merit.
महाफलविधिर्दाने श्रुतस्ते भरतर्षभ । निरयं येन गच्छन्ति स्वर्गं चैव हि तच्छृणु ॥
English Translation
You have now, O foremost of Bharata's race, heard what the scriptural declarations are about the acquisition of great merit by the making of gifts. Hear from me now, of those acts that lead to hell or heaven.
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