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Mahābhārata • Parva 12 (Śāntiparva) • Adhyāya 194

Śāntiparva Adhyāya 194

शान्तिपर्व • अध्यायः 194

Śāntiparva Adhyāya 194 of the classical Mahābhārata with 25 verses.

Total: 25 Verses • Citations: MBh 12.194.1–25 • 250 Lexicon Terms
किं फलं ज्ञानयोगस्य वेदानां नियमस्य च । भूतात्मा वा कथं ज्ञेयस्तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥
English Translation
Yudhishthira said What are the fruits of the Jnana Yoga, of all the Vedas, and of the (various) observances and vows? How also may the individual soul be known? Tell me this, O grand father.
अत्राप्युदाहरन्तीममितिहासं पुरातनम् । मनोः प्रजापतेर्वादं महर्षेश्च बृहस्पतेः ॥
English Translation
Bhishma said Regarding it is cited the old narrative of the conversation between that lord of creatures, viz., Manu, and the great Rishi Brihaspati.
प्रजापतिं श्रेष्ठतमं पृथिव्यां; देवर्षिसंघप्रवरो महर्षिः । बृहस्पतिः प्रश्नमिमं पुराणं; पप्रच्छ शिष्योऽथ गुरुं प्रणम्य ॥
English Translation
In days of yore, the foremost of celestial Rishis, viz., Brihaspati, who was a disciple of Manu bowed to his preceptor and addressing that king and first of all creatures, said,-What is the origin of the universe? Whence have the ordinances originated? What are those fruits attributed by the learned to Knowledge? Tell me also truly, O illustrious one, what is that which the Vedas have not been able to show?
यत्कारणं मन्त्रविधिः प्रवृत्तो; ज्ञाने फलं यत्प्रवदन्ति विप्राः । यन्मन्त्रशब्दैरकृतप्रकाशं; तदुच्यतां मे भगवन्यथावत् ॥
यदर्थशास्त्रागममन्त्रविद्भि;र्यज्ञैरनेकैर्वरगोप्रदानैः । फलं महद्भिर्यदुपास्यते च; तत्किं कथं वा भविता क्व वा तत् ॥
English Translation
What are those fruits which are respected by eminent sages conversant with the science of Artha, with the Vedas, and with the mantras, through sacrifices and profuse gifts of kine? Whence do those fruits originate? Where are they do be found?
मही महीजाः पवनोऽन्तरिक्षं; जलौकसश्चैव जलं दिवं च । दिवौकसश्चैव यतः प्रसूता;स्तदुच्यतां मे भगवन्पुराणम् ॥
English Translation
Tell me also this old history, viz., whence have the Earth, all earthly objects, wind, sky aquatic animals, water, heaven, and the dwellers of heaven, all originated.
ज्ञानं यतः प्रार्थयते नरो वै; ततस्तदर्था भवति प्रवृत्तिः । न चाप्यहं वेद परं पुराणं; मिथ्याप्रवृत्तिं च कथं नु कुर्याम् ॥
English Translation
Man is inclined towards that object which he seeks to know. I have no knowledge of that Ancient and Supreme Being. How shall I free myself from a false display of my leaning towards Him?
ऋक्सामसंघांश्च यजूंषि चाहं; छन्दांसि नक्षत्रगतिं निरुक्तम् । अधीत्य च व्याकरणं सकल्पं; शिक्षां च भूतप्रकृतिं न वेद्मि ॥
English Translation
I have read the Riks, all the Samans, all the Yajuses, the Chhandas, Astronomy, Nirukta, Grammar, Sankalpa, and Shiksha. But I have no knowledge of the nature of the five principal elements which forin everything.
स मे भवाञ्शंसतु सर्वमेत;ज्ज्ञाने फलं कर्मणि वा यदस्ति । यथा च देहाच्च्यवते शरीरी; पुनः शरीरं च यथाभ्युपैति ॥
यद्यत्प्रियं यस्य सुखं तदाहु;स्तदेव दुःखं प्रवदन्त्यनिष्टम् । इष्टं च मे स्यादितरच्च न स्या;देतत्कृते कर्मविधिः प्रवृत्तः । इष्टं त्वनिष्टं च न मां भजेते;त्येतत्कृते ज्ञानविधिः प्रवृत्तः ॥
कामात्मकाश्छन्दसि कर्मयोगा; एभिर्विमुक्तः परमश्नुवीत । नानाविधे कर्मपथे सुखार्थी; नरः प्रवृत्तो न परं प्रयाति । परं हि तत्कर्मपथादपेतं; निराशिषं ब्रह्मपरं ह्यवश्यम् ॥
English Translation
The ordinances about sacrifices and other observances, which are in the Vedas, all originate from desire. He, however, who frees himself from desire of acquiring happiness, performs various acts is constrained to go to hell.
प्रजाः सृष्टा मनसा कर्मणा च; द्वावप्येतौ सत्पथौ लोकजुष्टौ । दृष्ट्वा कर्म शाश्वतं चान्तवच्च; मनस्त्यागः कारणं नान्यदस्ति ॥
English Translation
Creatures have all been engendered by Mind and Act. These are the two best paths adored of all. External acts yields fruits that are both transitory as also eternal. For acquiring the latter there is no other means than relinquishing the desire for fruits by the mind,
स्वेनात्मना चक्षुरिव प्रणेता; निशात्यये तमसा संवृतात्मा । ज्ञानं तु विज्ञानगुणेन युक्तं; कर्माशुभं पश्यति वर्जनीयम् ॥
English Translation
As the eye, when night passes away and the veil of darkness is gone, leads its possessor by its own power, so the Understanding, when it becomes endued with Knowledge, sees all evils which should be shunned.
सर्पान्कुशाग्राणि तथोदपानं; ज्ञात्वा मनुष्याः परिवर्जयन्ति । अज्ञानतस्तत्र पतन्ति मूढा; ज्ञाने फलं पश्य यथा विशिष्टम् ॥
English Translation
Men avoid snakes, sharp blades, of Kusha and pits, when they find them on their way. If some tread upon or fall into them, they do so by ignorance. Mark the superiority of the fruits of knowledge.
कृत्स्नस्तु मन्त्रो विधिवत्प्रयुक्तो; यज्ञा यथोक्तास्त्वथ दक्षिणाश्च । अन्नप्रदानं मनसः समाधिः; पञ्चात्मकं कर्मफलं वदन्ति ॥
English Translation
Duly administered Mantras, sacrifices, the presents called Dakshina, gift of food and concentration of the mind are the five acts which yield fruits, there being none else.
गुणात्मकं कर्म वदन्ति वेदा;स्तस्मान्मन्त्रा मन्त्रमूलं हि कर्म । विधिर्विधेयं मनसोपपत्तिः; फलस्य भोक्ता तु यथा शरीरी ॥
English Translation
Acts have the three Gunas (of Satva Rajas, and Tamas) for their soul. The Vedas say this. The Mantras, therefore, have the same three qualities, since it is with Mantras that acts are performed. The ritual also is possessed by the same three qualities. The fruits of action depend upon the mind. It is the embodied creature who enjoys those fruits.
शब्दाश्च रूपाणि रसाश्च पुण्याः; स्पर्शाश्च गन्धाश्च शुभास्तथैव । नरो नसंस्थानगतः प्रभुः स्या;देतत्फलं सिध्यति कर्मलोके ॥
English Translation
All excellent sorts of sound, form, tastes, touch, and scent, are the fruits of acts, being acquired in the region of acts. As for, however, the fruits of knowledge, man acquires them even here before death.
यद्यच्छरीरेण करोति कर्म; शरीरयुक्तः समुपाश्नुते तत् । शरीरमेवायतनं सुखस्य; दुःखस्य चाप्यायतनं शरीरम् ॥
English Translation
Whatever acts are perforined by means of the body, one enjoys the fruits thereof in this body. The body is, indeed, the structure to which adhere both happiness and misery.
वाचा तु यत्कर्म करोति किंचि;द्वाचैव सर्वं समुपाश्नुते तत् । मनस्तु यत्कर्म करोति किंचि;न्मनःस्थ एवायमुपाश्नुते तत् ॥
English Translation
Whatever acts are performed by means of words, their fruits are enjoyed in a state in which words can be spoken. Likewise, whatever acts are performed by the mind, their fruits are enjoyed in a state in which one is not treed from the mind.
यथागुणं कर्मगणं फलार्थी; करोत्ययं कर्मफले निविष्टः । तथा तथायं गुणसंप्रयुक्तः; शुभाशुभं कर्मफलं भुनक्ति ॥
English Translation
Seeking the fruits of acts, whatever acts (Satvika or Rajasika or Tamasika) a person performs, the fruits, good or bad, that he actually enjoys are permeated by their nature.
मत्स्यो यथा स्रोत इवाभिपाती; तथा कृतं पूर्वमुपैति कर्म । शुभे त्वसौ तुष्यति दुष्कृते तु; न तुष्यते वै परमः शरीरी ॥
English Translation
Like fishes going against a current of water, pristine acts visit the actor. The embodied creature enjoys happiness for his good acts, and suffers misery for his evil ones.
यतो जगत्सर्वमिदं प्रसूतं; ज्ञात्वात्मवन्तो व्यतियान्ति यत्तत् । यन्मन्त्रशब्दैरकृतप्रकाशं; तदुच्यमानं शृणु मे परं यत् ॥
English Translation
I will now describe Him from whom this universe has originated, Him by knowing whom persons of purified souls cross this world, Him who has not been expressed by Vedic Mantras and Words. Listen to me as I speak of that greatest of the grcat.
रसैर्वियुक्तं विविधैश्च गन्धै;रशब्दमस्पर्शमरूपवच्च । अग्राह्यमव्यक्तमवर्णमेकं; पञ्चप्रकारं ससृजे प्रजानाम् ॥
English Translation
Himself freed from the several sorts of tasto and scent, and sound and touch and forin, He is incapable of being comprehended by the senses, unmanifest, without colour, the One, and He has created the five kinds of objects for His creatures.
न स्त्री पुमान्वापि नपुंसकं च; न सन्न चासत्सदसच्च तन्न । पश्यन्ति यद्ब्रह्मविदो मनुष्या;स्तदक्षरं न क्षरतीति विद्धि ॥
English Translation
He is neither female, nor male, nor of the neuter sex. He is neither existent, nor nonexistent, nor existent-non-existent. Only those that are acquainted with Bralıma see Him. He knows no deterioration.
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