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Mahābhārata • Parva 12 (Śāntiparva) • Adhyāya 303

Śāntiparva Adhyāya 303

शान्तिपर्व • अध्यायः 303

Śāntiparva Adhyāya 303 of the classical Mahābhārata with 22 verses.

Total: 22 Verses • Citations: MBh 12.303.1–22 • 250 Lexicon Terms
न शक्यो निर्गुणस्तात गुणीकर्तुं विशां पते । गुणवांश्चाप्यगुणवान्यथातत्त्वं निबोध मे ॥
English Translation
That which is without qualities, O son, can never be explained by assigning qualities to it. Listen, however, to me as I explain to you what is endued with qualities and what is devoid of them.
गुणैर्हि गुणवानेव निर्गुणश्चागुणस्तथा । प्राहुरेवं महात्मानो मुनयस्तत्त्वदर्शिनः ॥
English Translation
Great Munis conversant with the truth about principles say that when Soul seizes qualities like a crystal catching the reflection of a red flower, he is said to be possessed of qualities; but when freed from qualities like the crystal freed from reflection, he is seen in his real nature, which is as above all qualities.
गुणस्वभावस्त्वव्यक्तो गुणानेवाभिवर्तते । उपयुङ्क्ते च तानेव स चैवाज्ञः स्वभावतः ॥
English Translation
Unmanifest Nature is by her nature endued with qualities. She cannot transcends them. Shorn of intelligence by nature she becomes attached to qualities.
अव्यक्तस्तु न जानीते पुरुषो ज्ञः स्वभावतः । न मत्तः परमस्तीति नित्यमेवाभिमन्यते ॥
English Translation
Unmanifest Nature cannot know anything, while Purusha, by his nature, is endued with knowledge.—There is nothing higher than myself, the Soul is always conscious of it.
अनेन कारणेनैतदव्यक्तं स्यादचेतनम् । नित्यत्वादक्षरत्वाच्च क्षराणां तत्त्वतोऽन्यथा ॥
English Translation
Therefore the unmanifest Nature, although by nature inanimate and unintelligent, still becomes animate and intelligent on account of her union with the Soul who is Eternal and Indestructible instead of remaining in her own nature owing to her destructibility.
यदाज्ञानेन कुर्वीत गुणसर्गं पुनः पुनः । यदात्मानं न जानीते तदाव्यक्तमिहोच्यते ॥
English Translation
When Soul, through ignorance, repeatedly becomes associated with qualities, he fails to understand his own real nature and therefore he fails to acquire Liberation.
कर्तृत्वाच्चापि तत्त्वानां तत्त्वधर्मी तथोच्यते । कर्तृत्वाच्चैव योनीनां योनिधर्मा तथोच्यते ॥
English Translation
On account of the Soul's Supremacy over the principles that originate from Nature he is said to partake of the nature of those principles. On account also of his agency in the matter of creation, he is said to possess the quality of creation. On account of his agency in the matter of Yoga, he is said to possess the quality of Yoga. For his Supremacy over those particular principles know by the name of Nature, he is said to possess the character of Nature.
कर्तृत्वात्प्रकृतीनां तु तथा प्रकृतिधर्मिता । कर्तृत्वाच्चापि बीजानां बीजधर्मी तथोच्यते ॥
गुणानां प्रसवत्वाच्च तथा प्रसवधर्मवान् । कर्तृत्वात्प्रलयानां च तथा प्रलयधर्मिता ॥
बीजत्वात्प्रकृतित्वाच्च प्रलयत्वात्तथैव च । उपेक्षकत्वादन्यत्वादभिमानाच्च केवलम् ॥
मन्यन्ते यतयः शुद्धा अध्यात्मविगतज्वराः । अनित्यं नित्यमव्यक्तमेवमेतद्धि शुश्रुम ॥
English Translation
On account, again, of his being the witness of everything, and on account, also of there being nothing else than he, as also for his consciousness of oneness with Nature, Yatis endued with ascetic success, conversant with the spiritual science, and freed from fever of every sort, consider him as existing by himself without a second, immutable, unmanifest, unstable, and manifest.
अव्यक्तैकत्वमित्याहुर्नानात्वं पुरुषस्तथा । सर्वभूतदयावन्तः केवलं ज्ञानमास्थिताः ॥
English Translation
This is what we have heard. Those Sankhyas, however, that depend upon Knowledge only and the practice of mercy for all creatures, say that it is Nature which is Ore but souls are many.
अन्यः स पुरुषोऽव्यक्तस्त्वध्रुवो ध्रुवसंज्ञकः । यथा मुञ्ज इषीकायास्तथैवैतद्धि जायते ॥
English Translation
As a matter of fact, Soul is different from Nature which though unstable, still appears as stable. As a blade of reed is different from its outer cover, so is Soul different from Nature.
अन्यं च मशकं विद्यादन्यच्चोदुम्बरं तथा । न चोदुम्बरसंयोगैर्मशकस्तत्र लिप्यते ॥
English Translation
Indeed, the worm that lies within the Udumvara should be known as different from the Udumvara, Though existing with the Udumvara, the worm is not to be considered as forming a part of the Udumvara.
अन्य एव तथा मत्स्यस्तथान्यदुदकं स्मृतम् । न चोदकस्य स्पर्शेन मत्स्यो लिप्यति सर्वशः ॥
English Translation
The fish is separate from the water in which it lives, and the water is separate from the fish that lives in it. Though the fish and water exist together, yet it is never drenched by water.
अन्यो ह्यग्निरुखाप्यन्या नित्यमेवमवैहि भोः । न चोपलिप्यते सोऽग्निरुखासंस्पर्शनेन वै ॥
English Translation
The fire that lies in an earthen saucepan is separate from the earthen saucepan, and the saucepan is separate from the fire it contains. although the fire exists in and with the saucepan, yet it is not to be considered as constituting any part of it.
पुष्करं त्वन्यदेवात्र तथान्यदुदकं स्मृतम् । न चोदकस्य स्पर्शेन लिप्यते तत्र पुष्करम् ॥
English Translation
The fish is separate from the water in which it lives, and the water is separate from the fish that lives in it. Though the fish and water exist together, yet it is never drenched by water.
एतेषां सह संवासं विवासं चैव नित्यशः । यथा तथैनं पश्यन्ति न नित्यं प्राकृता जनाः ॥
English Translation
The eternal existence of those objects in and with those mentioned, is never correctly understood by ordinary mortals.
ये त्वन्यथैव पश्यन्ति न सम्यक्तेषु दर्शनम् । ते व्यक्तं निरयं घोरं प्रविशन्ति पुनः पुनः ॥
English Translation
They who see this universe as many are said to see incorrectly. These men are blind to Brahma. O chastiser of enemies, such persons have again and again to return to the world and assume bodies.
सांख्यदर्शनमेतत्ते परिसंख्यातमुत्तमम् । एवं हि परिसंख्याय सांख्याः केवलतां गताः ॥
English Translation
I have thus told you the philosophy of the Sankhyas, that excellent science by which all things have been correctly determined. Ascertaining the nature of Soul and Nature in this way, the Sankhyas acquire Liberation.
ये त्वन्ये तत्त्वकुशलास्तेषामेतन्निदर्शनम् । अतः परं प्रवक्ष्यामि योगानामपि दर्शनम् ॥
English Translation
I have also told of the systems of those others who are conversant with the great principles of the universe. I shall now describe to you the science of the Yogins,
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