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Mahābhārata • Parva 12 (Śāntiparva) • Adhyāya 109

Śāntiparva Adhyāya 109

शान्तिपर्व • अध्यायः 109

Śāntiparva Adhyāya 109 of the classical Mahābhārata with 29 verses.

Total: 29 Verses • Citations: MBh 12.109.1–29 • 250 Lexicon Terms
महानयं धर्मपथो बहुशाखश्च भारत । किं स्विदेवेह धर्माणामनुष्ठेयतमं मतम् ॥
English Translation
Yudhishthira said The path of duty in long. It has also, O Bharata, many branches. What are those duties which you hold to be the best to practise.
किं कार्यं सर्वधर्माणां गरीयो भवतो मतम् । यथायं पुरुषो धर्ममिह च प्रेत्य चाप्नुयात् ॥
English Translation
What are the most important duties in your view by the practice of which I may acquire the highest merit both in this world and in the next.
मातापित्रोर्गुरूणां च पूजा बहुमता मम । अत्र युक्तो नरो लोकान्यशश्च महदश्नुते ॥
English Translation
Bhishma said The adoration of mother, father, and preceptor is, I consider, the most important. The man, who satisfies that duty here, succeeds in winning great fame and many blessed regions.
यदेते ह्यभिजानीयुः कर्म तात सुपूजिताः । धर्म्यं धर्मविरुद्धं वा तत्कर्तव्यं युधिष्ठिर ॥
English Translation
Adored by you, whatever they will command you, be it consistent with righteousness, or be it inconsistent with it, you should carry it out unhesitatingly, O Yudhishthira.
न तैरनभ्यनुज्ञातो धर्ममन्यं प्रकल्पयेत् । यमेतेऽभ्यनुजानीयुः स धर्म इति निश्चयः ॥
English Translation
One should never do what they forbid. Forsooth, there command should always be done.
एत एव त्रयो लोका एत एवाश्रमास्त्रयः । एत एव त्रयो वेदा एत एव त्रयोऽग्नयः ॥
English Translation
They are the three worlds. They are the three modes of life. They are the three Vedas. They are the three sacred fires.
पिता ह्यग्निर्गार्हपत्यो माताग्निर्दक्षिणः स्मृतः । गुरुराहवनीयस्तु साग्नित्रेता गरीयसी ॥
English Translation
The father is said to be the Garhapatya fire; the mother, the Dakshina fire; and the preceptor is the fire upon which libations are poured. These three fires are, of course, the greatest. If you adore carefully these three fires, you will conquer the three worlds.
त्रिष्वप्रमाद्यन्नेतेषु त्रीँल्लोकानवजेष्यसि । पितृवृत्त्या त्विमं लोकं मातृवृत्त्या तथापरम् । ब्रह्मलोकं गुरोर्वृत्त्या नित्यमेव चरिष्यसि ॥
English Translation
By serving the father regularly one may cross this world. By serving the mother in the same way, one may enjoy blessed regions in the next. By serving the preceptor regularly, one may acquire the region of Brahma.
सम्यगेतेषु वर्तस्व त्रिषु लोकेषु भारत । यशः प्राप्स्यसि भद्रं ते धर्मं च सुमहाफलम् ॥
English Translation
Properly treat these three, O Bharata, you will then acquire great fame in the three worlds, and be you blessed, great will be your merit and reward.
नैतानतिशयेज्जातु नात्यश्नीयान्न दूषयेत् । नित्यं परिचरेच्चैव तद्वै सुकृतमुत्तमम् । कीर्तिं पुण्यं यशो लोकान्प्राप्स्यसे च जनाधिप ॥
English Translation
Never transgress them in your deeds. Never eat before they eat, nor eat any thing that is better than what they eat. Never attribute any fault to them. One should always serve them humbly. That is an act of great merit.
सर्वे तस्यादृता लोका यस्यैते त्रय आदृताः । अनादृतास्तु यस्यैते सर्वास्तस्याफलाः क्रियाः ॥
नैवायं न परो लोकस्तस्य चैव परंतप । अमानिता नित्यमेव यस्यैते गुरवस्त्रयः ॥
न चास्मिन्न परे लोके यशस्तस्य प्रकाशते । न चान्यदपि कल्याणं पारत्रं समुदाहृतम् ॥
English Translation
He, who always disregards these three elders never enjoys fame either in this world or in the next. Such a man never reaps any good in the next world.
तेभ्य एव तु तत्सर्वं कृत्यया विसृजाम्यहम् । तदासीन्मे शतगुणं सहस्रगुणमेव च । तस्मान्मे संप्रकाशन्ते त्रयो लोका युधिष्ठिर ॥
English Translation
All that I have dedicated to the honour of those three has multiplied a hundred-fold or a thousand-fold. On account of that merit that even now, Yudhishthira, the three worlds are clearly visible to me.
दशैव तु सदाचार्यः श्रोत्रियानतिरिच्यते । दशाचार्यानुपाध्याय उपाध्यायान्पिता दश ॥
English Translation
One Acharya is superior to ten Brahmanas learned in the Vedas. One Upadhyaya is again superior to ten Acharyas. The father, again, is superior to ten Upadhyayas.
पितॄन्दश तु मातैका सर्वां वा पृथिवीमपि । गुरुत्वेनाभिभवति नास्ति मातृसमो गुरुः । गुरुर्गरीयान्पितृतो मातृतश्चेति मे मतिः ॥
English Translation
The mother, again, is superior to ten fathers, or, perhaps, the whole world, there is no one so much worthy of reverence as the mother.
उभौ हि मातापितरौ जन्मनि व्युपयुज्यतः । शरीरमेतौ सृजतः पिता माता च भारत । आचार्यशिष्टा या जातिः सा दिव्या साजरामरा ॥
English Translation
The father and the mother, O Bharata, only create the body. The life, on the other hand, which one acquires from his preceptor, is divine. That life suffers no decays and is imimortal.
अवध्या हि सदा माता पिता चाप्यपकारिणौ । न संदुष्यति तत्कृत्वा न च ते दूषयन्ति तम् । धर्माय यतमानानां विदुर्देवाः सहर्षिभिः ॥
English Translation
The father and the inother, even if they offend you, should never be killed. By not punishing a father and a mother one does not commit sin. Indeed, such reverend persons, by escaping punishment do not stain the king. The gods and the Rishis do not withhold their favours from such persons who try to maintain even their sinful fathers reverently.
य आवृणोत्यवितथेन कर्णा;वृतं ब्रुवन्नमृतं संप्रयच्छन् । तं वै मन्ये पितरं मातरं च; तस्मै न द्रुह्येत्कृतमस्य जानन् ॥
English Translation
He, who favours a person by giving him true instruction, by communicating the Vedas, and by giving immortal knowledge, should be honoured as parents. The disciple, out of gratitude for what the instructor has done, should never do what would injure the latter.
विद्यां श्रुत्वा ये गुरुं नाद्रियन्ते; प्रत्यासन्नं मनसा कर्मणा वा । यथैव ते गुरुभिर्भावनीया;स्तथा तेषां गुरवोऽप्यर्चनीयाः ॥
English Translation
They, who do not honour their preceptors after receiving instruction from them by obeying them dutifully in thought and deed commit the sin of killing a foetus. There is no greater sinner in this world than this. Preceptors always treat their disciples with great affection. The latter should, therefore, reverse their preceptors duly.
तस्मात्पूजयितव्याश्च संविभज्याश्च यत्नतः । गुरवोऽर्चयितव्याश्च पुराणं धर्ममिच्छता ॥
English Translation
He, therefore, who wishes to acquire that high merit which has existed from days of yore, should adore his preceptors and carefully share with them every object of enjoyment.
येन प्रीताश्च पितरस्तेन प्रीतः पितामहः । प्रीणाति मातरं येन पृथिवी तेन पूजिता ॥
येन प्रीणात्युपाध्यायं तेन स्याद्ब्रह्म पूजितम् । मातृतः पितृतश्चैव तस्मात्पूज्यतमो गुरुः । ऋषयश्च हि देवाश्च प्रीयन्ते पितृभिः सह ॥
English Translation
He, who pleases his preceptor pleases Brahma. Therefore the preceptor deserves greater respect then enter the father or the mother.
न केनचन वृत्तेन ह्यवज्ञेयो गुरुर्भवेत् । न च माता न च पिता तादृशो यादृशो गुरुः ॥
English Translation
The preceptor should never in any way be dishonoured by the disciple. Neither the mother nor the father deserves the honour which the preceptor does.
न तेऽवमानमर्हन्ति न च ते दूषयन्ति तम् । गुरूणामेव सत्कारं विदुर्देवाः सहर्षिभिः ॥
English Translation
No insult should be offered to the father, the mother, and the preceptor. No act of theirs should be censured. The good and the great Rishis are pleased with him who treats his preceptors reverentially.
उपाध्यायं पितरं मातरं च; येऽभिद्रुह्यन्ति मनसा कर्मणा वा । तेषां पापं भ्रूणहत्याविशिष्टं; तस्मान्नान्यः पापकृदस्ति लोके ॥
English Translation
They, who injure in thought and deed their preceptors, or fathers, or mothers, commit the sin of killing a foetus. There is no sinner in the world equal to them.
मित्रद्रुहः कृतघ्नस्य स्त्रीघ्नस्य पिशुनस्य च । चतुर्णां वयमेतेषां निष्कृतिं नानुशुश्रुमः ॥
English Translation
We have never heard that these four, viz., he, who injures a friend, he, who is ungrateful, he, who kills a woman, and he, who kills preceptor, succeed in purifying themselves.
एतत्सर्वमतिदेशेन सृष्टं; यत्कर्तव्यं पुरुषेणेह लोके । एतच्छ्रेयो नान्यदस्माद्विशिष्टं; सर्वान्धर्माननुसृत्यैतदुक्तम् ॥
English Translation
I have described to you in general all that a person should do in this world. Besides those duties that I have described, there is nothing which yields greater happiness. Thinking of all duties, I have described to you their essence. ever
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