NEW ANTIDEPRESSANTS: MECHANISMS OF ACTION AND EFFICACY

<jats:p>Abstract. Newer medicines, such as vortioxetine, vilazodone, and ketamine, are changing how we treat treatment-resistant depression. Unlike standard SSRIs, these "multimodal" medicines target many receptors to promote neuroplasticity and brain health (BDNF). They work much faster; ketamine can alleviate symptoms in hours and improve memory and focus. They also have a better safety profile, with significantly lower risks of weight gain and sexual problems. However, as we approach 2026, clinicians continue to closely monitor their long-term safety of this medications, as well as address the high prices that limit patient access to these advancements.</jats:p>