ОРОН СУУЦ ЗАХИАЛГЫН ГЭРЭЭНД  ЗАХИАЛАГЧИЙН ЭРХИЙГ ХАМГААЛАХАД НОТАРИАТЫН ҮҮРЭГ, ОРОЛЦОО, THE ROLE AND INVOLVEMENT OF NOTARIES IN PROTECTING CONSUMER RIGHTS IN RESIDENTIAL PRECONSTRUCTION CONTRACTS

<jats:p>With increasing population density, citizens are increasingly entering into residential pre-construction contracts to seek affordable housing opportunities. However, construction companies typically draft standard contract terms that primarily serve their own interests, providing the ordering party with little to no practical opportunity to negotiate or amend the contractual content. Specifically, these contracts are unilaterally drafted by business entities and uniformly applied to all consumers, without any mechanism for bilateral negotiation. This creates a “take-it-or-leave-it” situation, in which the ordering party must either accept the contract as presented or forgo the transaction entirely. In formulating these terms, contractors often grant themselves preferential status while imposing disproportionate liabilities and restrictive rights on consumers. Moreover, due to the frequent use of technical legal jargon and ambiguous language, consumers often sign such agreements without fully understanding their implications. This article examines the legal regulation of residential pre-construction contracts, identifies the underlying causes of violations of ordering parties’ rights, and analyzes the preventive role and involvement of notaries. Finally, the study proposes recommendations to refine the legal framework and enhance consumer protection.</jats:p>