Abstract
<jats:p>Introduction The aim of this study was to compare patient-reported outcomes (PROs) related to hypoglycemia recovery with FLO23011, a glucose/beta-hydroxybutyrate Multi-Energy Substrate for Hypoglycemia (MESH) treatment, versus standard glucose gel in adults with type 1 diabetes, and to explore associations between by continuous glucose monitoring-derived metrics and perceived and objective treatment response. Research Design and Methods In a randomized, open-label, crossover study, 12 adults with type 1 diabetes used either FLO23011 or glucose gel to treat hypoglycemia during two 6-week periods, with continuous glucose monitoring throughout. PROs were assessed using 14-domain questionnaires and exit interviews. CGM analyses from a broader discovery analysis examined patient-relevant recovery signals: glucose-band exposure versus psychological PRO scores, and baseline glycemic variability versus time-in-range response. Results FLO23011 was rated more favorably than glucose gel in 13/14 domains, with statistically significant in 10. Differences included speed of action (8.0 vs. 7.3; P = 0.025), after-effects reduction (8.0 vs. 6.2; P = 0.014), ease-of-use (8.9 vs. 4.9; P = 0.002), and overall management ability (8.5 vs. 7.4; P = 0.019). Interviews described faster cognitive recovery, reduced disruption, and greater confidence. Reduced Level 1 hypoglycemia exposure was associated with higher reduced-worry and management-ability ratings (n=5; ρ = 0.90; P = 0.037). Higher baseline coefficient of variation was associated with greater time-in-range improvement with FLO23011 (n=9; ρ = 0.917; P = 0.0005). Conclusions FLO23011 showed more favorable patient-reported recovery than glucose gel. Initial CGM-PRO analyses findings suggest perceived benefit may align with reduced Level 1 hypoglycemia, while baseline variability may identify greater objective response. Results support integrating patient-reported and glycemic outcomes to evaluate hypoglycemia treatments, warranting confirmation in larger blinded studies.</jats:p>