Abstract
<jats:p>With societal advancement, grain has acquired strategic security, political, economic, and cultural significance as a special commodity. National interests form the foundation of a nation's development, and Sino-Russian agricultural cooperation stands as a key area of bilateral collaboration. Studying and safeguarding the interests embodied in this cooperation holds profound practical significance for deepening agricultural partnerships, advancing agricultural development in both nations, and enhancing global food security governance. From the perspective of National interest theory, the authors applies research methods including literature analysis, quantitative analysis, and qualitative analysis to evaluate the manifestations of interests in Sino-Russian agricultural cooperation across four dimensions: security, politics, economics, and culture. By considering corresponding threat factors, the study proposes recommendations to safeguard the interests of Sino-Russian agricultural cooperation and advance its in-depth development.</jats:p>