Анализ поверхностных состояний кристалла с использованием идей динамической теории дифракции

<jats:p>The dynamical theory of electron diffraction in distorted crystals is suitable for the analysis of electronic states in deformed and surface-bounded crystals. Based on the presented theory, surface states of nearly free electrons in a semi-infinite crystal are investigated. In addition to the results known in the theory of Bloch wave formalism with a complex wave vector, some new results were obtained. In particular, it is shown that surface states can be realized only at sufficiently small Bragg angles. An estimate of this angle is obtained. The width of the spatial localization region of electrons near the surface is also estimated. It is found that it is of the order of several tens angstroms.</jats:p>