Երկու Պակտյուիկեների մասին Հերդոտոսի հաղորդման շուրջ

<jats:p>In Herodotus' “History”, two different countries are mentioned by the name Pactuica (Πακτυĩκη). One is located on the eastern edge of the vast Achaemenid Empire, and the other is grouped with Armenia (or the Armenians) in the 13th satrapy. The eastern Pactuica was once part of North Indian country of Gandhara, but was later incorporated into the Achaemenid Empire. After that, it came under the rule of the Selevkid and later the Greco-Bactrian kings. Then the Iranization (Bactrianization) of the population of Pactuica occurred. As a result, the choronym of Pactuica began to merge with that of Bactria/Bactriana. This confusion was spread by the ancient Greeks and later by Greco-Roman historians, effecting the Armenian Pactuica as well. Methods and Materials: The article is written using the historical-comparative methodology and with etymological and semantic analyses of linguistic material. The research is conducted through the interrelated consideration of materials of historical and linguistic value as complementary approaches that complete the study. Analysis: The approaches taken by various researchers regarding the material in the article, as well as opinions on the origins of the Indo-European prototypes of little-known Armenian words and on the origins of place names and ethnic names, were also analyzed. Results: Western (Armenian) Pactuice could not have been located outside the 13th satrapy of the Armenian Highlands, and the name is based on the Indo-European root *paḱt- “agreement, alliance,” which is the equivalent of the name of the Urartian federal state.</jats:p>