Abstract
<jats:p>In this work, we present some of the main results of the research study we are conducting in the Central Pyrenees, at the Formigal ski resort. Since 2019, black carbon concentrations have been monitored in real time, and since 2023, PM10 and total atmospheric deposition have also been measured. Our observations allow us to characterize the phenomenology of black carbon episodes, whose dynamics are associated with local contributions, but above all with regional inputs and long-range transport linked to wildfire smoke plumes, such as those originating from the Canadian wildfires in 2024 and from western Iberia in 2025. Overall, the average black carbon concentration is around 100 ng/m³, but it rises sharply to more than 4,000 ng/m³ during these events. As for PM10, concentrations are generally below 10 µg/m³, but increase markedly during Saharan dust outbreaks and when wildfire smoke plumes affect the area. Likewise, aerosol deposition is also strongly influenced by the arrival of Saharan dust, which is the main contributor, although other interesting sources are also detected, such as industrial emissions from areas located at medium range. Taken together, our results show the major impact of long-range aerosol sources, which are closely linked to climate-related and global processes. This work has received the support by POSAHPI-2 (PID2022-143146OB-I00), SNOWDUST (TED2021-130114B-I00) and PYRENEES4CLIMA (LIFE-2022-STRAT 101104957). Thanks to AEMET for their support and facilities. </jats:p>