Consumer Ethnocentrism in Tourism Marketing

<jats:p>Consumer ethnocentrism has become increasingly relevant to tourism marketing as geopolitical tension, crisis events, consumer animosity, nationalist discourse, and identity-based consumption reshape how tourists evaluate domestic and foreign destinations. Although consumer ethnocentrism has been widely examined in international marketing, its tourism implications remain fragmented across studies of tourist ethnocentrism, destination image, risk perception, consumer animosity, crisis communication, tourism boycotts, and destination branding. This chapter develops an integrative conceptual framework explaining how ethnocentric tendencies influence destination choice, destination avoidance, and bias-responsive branding.</jats:p>