Abstract
<jats:p>This chapter reviews how artificial intelligence is reshaping education by moving traditional teacher-centered systems toward more personalized, creative, and inquiry-driven learning. It outlines the historical shift from conventional instruction to AI-supported models that use adaptive pathways, competency-based structures, collaborative learning, and continuous assessment. The discussion explains how teacher responsibilities are expanding toward roles as learning designers, AI supervisors, and ethical stewards, while students gain greater autonomy, agency, and metacognitive skills. Key ethical and policy concerns, including privacy, bias, accessibility, and governance, are addressed to guide responsible adoption. Global cases show varied approaches and offer lessons for effective integration. The chapter closes with a view of emerging AI-native ecosystems featuring hybrid learning spaces, lifelong AI assistance, and analytics-driven credentialing aimed at building a more equitable and human-centered educational future.</jats:p>