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Abstract
<jats:p>This chapter analyzes the evolution of maritime workforce policy in response to digitalization, automation, and sustainability demands. It delineates the progression of marine labor governance from compliance-oriented regulation to adaptive, data-informed, and human-centric frameworks influenced by international bodies like the IMO and ILO. This chapter emphasizes the increasing significance of competency-based maritime education and training, institutional collaboration, and anticipatory policymaking through an analysis of global, regional, and national policy dynamics. It also examines the ramifications of artificial intelligence, sustainable shipping, and intelligent regulation on workforce planning, equity, and resilience. The chapter contends that future-oriented marine governance must amalgamate technological innovation with ethical regulation, continuous education, and inclusive policy coherence. It provides a strategy framework for developing a robust and sustainable maritime workforce adept at handling Industry 5.0 and global unpredictability.</jats:p>