Abstract
<p>In this final closing chapter of the third edition of the Handbook of Research on Reading Comprehension, we synthesize historical developments, foundational frameworks, and emerging theoretical perspectives in reading comprehension. We explore the transformational shift from cognitive and socio-cultural frameworks toward multidimensional and sociotechnical perspectives driven by digital technologies and Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI). The chapter critically examines personalized AI reading platforms, teacher-driven AI co-design, ethical implications regarding algorithmic bias and data privacy, and the conceptualization of cultural artifacts as textual constructs. Ultimately, we advocate for a stance of critical empowerment to foster equitable, humanizing, and contextually grounded literacy futures.</p>