Optimization of electrochemical lead detection in water: An integrated approach of voltammetric hardware and signal processing

<jats:p>Lead [Pb] contamination poses a public health challenge in the Huasteca region of Hidalgo due to limited monitoring. Therefore, this article presents a system for heavy metal detection, integrating low-cost hardware with a graphical user interface [GUI] using a device with a three-electrode cell [platinum, Ag/AgCl, and graphite]. This research focused on optimizing the system through digital signal processing in a controlled environment, mitigating capacitive noise from the electrodes. Applying Hans Gugelot's methodology, the prototype was validated in the laboratory using dilutions of 10 to 50 ppm. The results demonstrate that the synergy between hardware and algorithms allows for the precise identification of oxidation peaks, laying the groundwork for an in-situ environmental monitoring solution in rural communities of Hidalgo.</jats:p>