ТЕОРЕТИКО-МЕТОДОЛОГІЧНІ ЗАСАДИ ФОРМУВАННЯ АДАПТИВНОЇ АГРАРНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ В УМОВАХ ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЙНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ, THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS FOR THE FORMATION OF ADAPTIVE AGRICULTURAL POLICY UNDER TRANSFORMATIONAL CHALLENGES

<jats:p>The article substantiates the theoretical and methodological foundations for the formation of adaptive agricultural policy in Ukraine under transformational challenges. The study is based on the understanding of agriculture as a security-sensitive, economic, social, territorial and ecological system. Therefore, agricultural policy should not be limited to fragmented subsidies or one-time crisis decisions. It has to be designed as a dynamic policy architecture that combines long-term strategic continuity with the ability to revise instruments when risks, markets, resources and institutional requirements change. The paper systematizes the main groups of challenges affecting Ukrainian agriculture: war-related destruction of productive assets and logistics, volatility of global markets, climate and resource limitations, requirements of European integration, uneven development of rural areas and unequal access of small and medium-sized producers to finance and knowledge. Adaptive agricultural policy is interpreted as a coordinated system of public goals, institutions, financial and economic instruments, digital monitoring and feedback mechanisms aimed at preserving food security, restoring productive capacity, increasing the resilience of rural communities and aligning national regulation with the principles of the EU Common Agricultural Policy. The author proposes a policy contour that includes risk diagnosis, scenario planning, a portfolio of instruments, multilevel implementation, evaluation of results and correction of policy measures. Particular attention is paid to evidence-based decision-making, territorial differentiation of support, ecological conditionality of public financing, cooperative development and the combination of budget resources with credit guarantees, insurance, grants and advisory services. The practical value of the study lies in the possibility of using the proposed approach when updating state and regional agricultural development programs, preparing recovery tools for war-affected areas and moving Ukraine closer to the European agricultural and rural development space.</jats:p>