ОБЛІКОВО-ПОДАТКОВІ АСПЕКТИ ЗМІНИ НАПРЯМІВ ВИКОРИСТАННЯ ОСНОВНИХ ЗАСОБІВ: УДОСКОНАЛЕННЯ МЕХАНІЗМУ НАРАХУВАННЯ КОМПЕНСУЮЧИХ ПОДАТКОВИХ ЗОБОВ’ЯЗАНЬ З ПДВ, ACCOUNTING AND TAX ASPECTS OF CHANGES IN THE USE OF FIXED ASSETS: IMPROVING THE MECHANISM FOR CALCULATING COMPENSATORY VAT LIABILITIES

<jats:p>This article examines the accounting and tax aspects of changes in the use of fixed assets in the context of recognizing offsetting value-added tax liabilities. It is argued that a change in the functional purpose of fixed assets, as well as their use in tax-exempt, non-taxable, or non-business transactions, necessitates an adjustment of the tax consequences in accordance with the requirements of the Tax Code of Ukraine. This paper summarizes the regulatory provisions regarding the determination of the timing of the recognition of offsetting tax liabilities, the procedure for calculating the tax base, the documentation of transactions, and their recording in accounting records. The main challenges in the practical application of tax legislation have been identified, including those related to identifying changes in the use of assets, determining residual value, preparing consolidated tax invoices, adjusting tax liabilities, and ensuring proper documentary support. An organizational and accounting mechanism is proposed for calculating offsetting VAT liabilities, which covers the entire information processing cycle: from the adoption of a management decision regarding a change in the use of a fixed asset, its documentation, the determination of the tax base, and the calculation of tax liabilities, to their reflection in accounting records, tax reporting, and the implementation of internal controls. A key feature of the proposed mechanism is the integration of organizational, accounting, tax, and control procedures into a single system, which ensures the timely identification of tax implications, improves the reliability of accounting information, promotes coordination among responsible parties, and minimizes tax risks. The practical implementation of the proposed approach will help improve the business entity’s accounting policies, enhance the effectiveness of tax administration, reduce the risk of financial penalties and tax disputes, and ensure that accounting practices comply with tax legislation.</jats:p>