ПРОДОВОЛЬЧА БЕЗПЕКА УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ГЛОБАЛЬНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ: РОЛЬ АГРАРНОГО СЕКТОРУ ТА КЛЮЧОВІ ЧИННИКИ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ СТІЙКОСТІ, UKRAINE’S FOOD SECURITY IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBAL CHALLENGES: THE ROLE OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR AND KEY FACTORS IN ENSURING SUSTAINABILITY

<jats:p>The article examines the current state of Ukraine’s food security under the conditions of global challenges and the ongoing full-scale war, emphasizing the strategic role of the agricultural sector in ensuring the resilience of the national food system. It is argued that food security should be understood as a multidimensional category encompassing food availability, economic and physical accessibility, nutritional quality, stability of supply chains, and the adaptive capacity of the agri-food system to external shocks. Particular attention is paid to the transformation of methodological approaches to food security assessment in Ukraine following the adoption of the new Methodology for Calculating Food Security Indicators (Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 1140), which harmonizes the national monitoring framework with the conceptual principles and recommendations of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO). The study provides a comprehensive assessment of Ukraine’s food security based on a system of ten indicators covering the period 2020–2024. The findings reveal significant structural imbalances in the national food system. Although the threshold values for average daily caloric intake and overall economic affordability of food are formally achieved, most other indicators demonstrate substantial deviations from recommended standards. The most critical problems include insufficient consumption of animal-based products, an inadequate share of animal-derived calories in the diet, growing social inequality in food consumption, and a high level of import dependence for certain food categories. The research identifies the principal factors affecting food security during 2020–2025, including military destruction, demographic decline, climate change, inflationary pressures, deterioration of agricultural infrastructure, disruption of logistics, and the destruction of irrigation systems following the Kakhovka Dam disaster. The article substantiates that strengthening Ukraine’s food security requires an integrated state policy focused on restoring agricultural production capacity, rebuilding transport and irrigation infrastructure, supporting livestock production, stimulating investment and digital transformation, diversifying export logistics, and expanding targeted social support mechanisms. The results may serve as a scientific basis for improving food security monitoring, developing evidence-based agricultural policy, and supporting Ukraine’s post-war recovery and European integration.</jats:p>