Placer formation processes in the cenozoic of Northern and Eastern Kazakhstan

<jats:p>The article is devoted to the generalization of data on the entire geological and genetic range of placers in Eastern and Northern Kazakhstan: from the weathering of the kaolin profile at the root sources of ore minerals Au, Ni, Co, RM, Ti, Zr, Nb, TR, through polyfacial and alluvial placers of the near demolition of the Zaisan depression to coastal-marine titanium-zirconium placers Northern Kazakhstan and Pavlodar Irtysh region. The sections and patterns of ore localization for gold- and nickel-bearing weathering crusts of the Rudny Altai are considered in more detail. An idea is given of the different conditions of formation of the Paleocene-Miocene ilmenite placers of the Zaisan Depression, depending on the tectonic regime – rifting in the Paleocene-Eocene and orogeny in the Lower Miocene. The dating of titanium-zirconium placers of the Pavlodar Irtysh region has been clarified due to the large-scale removal of silicon from the eluvium of the Kazakh shield. The relationship of the processes of coastal-marine placer formation with regional paleogeographic changes in Central Eurasia, starting with the collision of Hindustan and Eurasia and the Paleocene- Lower Eocene temperature maximum, is shown. The role of the completion of water exchange between the Tethys and Arctic shelf seas in the occurrence of constant westerly winds from the Tarim and Gobi, which played a major role in the formation of placers in the northern border of the Kazakh Shield, is shown.</jats:p>