从宗教圣地到茶道名片——汉口亚历山大·涅夫斯基教堂的百年变迁 From Sacred Sanctuary to Tea Trade Landmark: The Century-Long Transformation of the Hankou Alexander Nevsky Church

<p>本文以武汉现存唯一的东正教建筑——汉口阿列克桑德聂夫堂（亚历山大·涅夫斯基教堂）为研究对象，系统梳理了其自1876年草创、历经晚清“东方茶港”繁荣、民国常态化发展直至建国后高度式微的百年历史变迁。文章结合实地考察，深入探讨了该建筑在2013年依托中俄“万里茶道”地缘历史叙事重获抢救性修缮的风貌复原过程。同时，作者指出，在当下的世俗化利用与展览叙事中，当局呈现出一种既渴望吸纳历史建筑的外交红利、又刻意回避其本源宗教属性与制度化衰落历史的矛盾心态。本研究不仅丰富了近代通商口岸异质信仰群体的微观历史，也为审视当代历史遗产保护中的意识形态焦虑与话语置换提供了参考。Taking the Alexander Nevsky Church, the only surviving Orthodox architectural heritage in Wuhan, as the research object, this paper systematically delineates its century-long historical evolution, tracing its origins in 1876, its flourishing period during the late Qing Dynasty when Hankou served as the "Oriental Tea Port," its regularized development during the Republican era, and its post-1949 institutional decline. Based on field observations, the study examines the facade restoration process initiated in 2013, which was driven by the geopolitical and historical narrative of the Sino-Russian "Great Tea Road." Furthermore, the author points out a nuanced paradox in the contemporary secular utilization and exhibition narratives of the property: the authorities eagerly embrace the diplomatic dividends and cultural prestige of the historic building, while deliberately avoiding its fundamental religious attributes and the complex history of its institutional decline. This study not only enriches the microhistory of heterogeneous religious groups in modern treaty ports, but also provides empirical insights into ideological anxieties and discourse displacement in contemporary historical heritage conservation.</p>