Abstract
<p>Assessment of psychopathology among cancer survivors often relies on measures of generalized psychological distress or unstructured approaches, limiting the comprehensive assessment of mental health difficulties. Contemporary dimensional and transdiagnostic frameworks, such as the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP), offer a framework for more comprehensive structure and assessment. We evaluated the psychometric properties of the 45-item HiTOP Brief Report (HiTOP-BR) in cancer survivors. Participants were 728 adults with a current (n = 155) or past (n = 573) cancer diagnosis who were recruited and completed the HiTOP-BR online alongside other cancer-specific measures. All primary and secondary scales demonstrated good internal consistency (αs and ωs &gt; .80). Relative to general community data, participants with current cancer showed elevations across the Somatoform, Internalizing, Thought Disorder, Antagonism, and p-Factor dimensions and scored higher than participants with past cancer across all dimensions except Detachment. Among participants with past cancer, elevations relative to general community data were confined to the Somatoform spectrum. Confirmatory factor analysis broadly supported the proposed six-spectra structure, with all items loading meaningfully on their intended factors. A bifactor model identified a strong general psychopathology factor (ωH = .84), although substantial variance remained attributable to the specific spectra (ECV = .56). Higher HiTOP-BR scores were associated with poorer physical functioning and greater fear of cancer progression and recurrence. The HiTOP-BR appears to be a reliable and valid tool for assessing psychopathology dimensions that may be elevated among cancer survivors and facilitating implementation of dimensional and transdiagnostic approaches within psycho-oncology.</p>