Abstract
<jats:p>Ecosystem service value (ESV) accounting supports land resource management, ecological compensation, and territorial spatial planning. Using multi-source land-use, socioeconomic, meteorological, and vegetation datasets, this study applied a locally adjusted equivalent value factor method to assess the spatiotemporal evolution of land-resource ESV in Shandong Province from 2003 to 2023. The total ESV increased from 186.09 billion CNY in 2003 to 213.75 billion CNY in 2023, representing a growth of 14.86%. The contribution of cultivated land decreased from 46.13% to 35.92%, whereas the contribution of water bodies increased from 37.50% to 47.95%. Constructed land was assigned a zero direct ESV coefficient under the equivalent-factor framework and therefore did not directly contribute to the calculated value. Functionally, hydrological regulation remained the dominant service, while environmental purification and biodiversity maintenance increased. Spatially, the ESV pattern shifted from a south-dominant structure toward a more balanced north-south pattern. Correlation analysis showed that ESV was statistically associated with GDP, population density, NDVI, precipitation, and temperature, providing a regional reference for ecological management in Shandong Province.</jats:p>