Theoretical aspects of studying adverbs and their verification based on Russian incantations of Karelia

<jats:p>The article is devoted to theoretical aspects of studying adverbs and their verification based on the material of Russian incantations of Karelia. The purpose of the study is to establish the extent to which key tenets of the theory of the adverb, developed on the material of the standard literary language, are applicable to folklore texts. The research material comprises a corpus of 1,343 incantation texts recorded in Karelia from the 17th to the 21st century, including 1,678 adverbial usages. The study presents an analysis of the formation of key provisions regarding the category of adverbs in Russian linguistics from the 18th century to the present. The scientific novelty of the work lies in the fact that key theoretical tenets concerning the adverb are systematically tested for the first time on folklore (incantation) material. The findings demonstrate that incantation texts are characterized by the following features: a stable quantitative predominance of circumstantial adverbs (71-77%), a dependence of the composition of core qualifying (attributive) adverbs on the thematic group of incantations, a minimal frequency of predicatives, a strict positional fixedness of determinants, and the active participation of adverbialized lexemes in formulaic structures.</jats:p>