Visualization as a key method in teaching Russian as a foreign language at the initial stage of pre-university education

<jats:p>The purpose of the study is to identify the key principles of applying the visualization method in the classroom for beginners to learn Russian as a foreign language. The paper studies the context of the preparatory faculty, in which foreign citizens find themselves after arriving in Russia, and the difficulties they face in the process of socio-cultural adaptation and learning the Russian language, examines the theoretical prerequisites for the emergence of the visualization method, and suggests various groups of tasks that can be used at the initial stage of teaching Russian as a foreign language. using visualization. The scientific novelty of the work is that for the first time it proposes a classification of visualization types according to the degree of productivity of the student's activity in the process of learning Russian as a foreign language at the initial stage in order to make learning as effective as possible. As a result of the conducted research, the authors identify reproductive, mixed and productive visualization and give them the author's definitions.</jats:p>