Abstract
<jats:p>This paper discusses integration of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and photogrammetry for rapid three-dimensional modeling of mine workings. UAV-based surveys significantly improve the speed and safety of mine surveying, providing detailed geometric data on open-pit and underground mines. The study outlines operational differences between the two environments, i.e. the open-pit mines require accurate GNSS/RTK navigation and high-quality optics, while the underground workings demand autonomous SLAM navigation and powerful artificial lighting. Photogrammetric processing stages include point cloud generation, 3D mesh construction, and accuracy assessment using reference points. Case studies demonstrate that the technology is efficient in monitoring the excavation volumes, slope stability, and rock mass deformation. Development of the LiDAR and thermal imaging modules, along with artificial intelligence in data processing, further enhances the modeling capabilities. Integration of unmanned aerial vehicles and photogrammetry is identified as a key element in digitalization of mining operations and as an essential step towards creating their comprehensive digital twins.</jats:p>