New phenylpropanoids with antifungal and antioxidant activities from the essential oil of <i>Ocimum gratissimum</i> L.

<jats:p>One new lignan, ocigralignan A (1), and one new phenylpropanoid, 3-amino-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)propane-1, 2-diol (2), together with six known compounds (3&amp;#x2013;8) were isolated from the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum L. The structures and absolute configurations of 1 and 2 were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy as well as ECD analysis. Most of the isolated compounds exhibited significant antifungal activities against Alternaria arborescens and Aspergillus flavus, with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 1 to 8 &amp;#x03BC;g/mL. Notably, compound 8 displayed potent antifungal activity comparable to the positive control nystatin, with an MIC value of 1 &amp;#x03BC;g/mL. Additionally, compounds 1 and 5 demonstrated considerable antioxidant activity, achieving DPPH radical scavenging rates of 85.17% and 96.51%, respectively, at a concentration of 1 mg/mL.</jats:p>