Institutional Models of Digital Twins in Public Administration: A Comparative Analysis of International Practices

<jats:p>The article examines institutional models for the application of digital twins in public administration using six international case studies: Singapore, the United Kingdom, Finland, the Republic of Korea, the United Arab Emirates, and China. The comparison is based on the author’s Institutional Digital Twin Readiness (IDTR) framework, which includes legal, organizational, technological, financial-resource, and public-trust dimensions. It is established that differences between countries are determined not so much by the level of digital infrastruc-ture but rather by the method of coordinating stakeholders, the degree of data standardization, the presence of an owner for the management task, mechanisms for validating the model, and the nature of its integration into the administrative cycle. A typology of three models is proposed: centralized-integrated, standardized-federated, and software-network. The scientific novelty lies in clarifying the institutional threshold for a digital twin: the model acquires policy and managerial significance and becomes integrated into the public admin-istration system only in the presence of a responsible entity, verified data provenance, a formalized procedure for using the results, and the possibility for their validation. The article concludes that technological maturity is a necessary but insufficient condition for the institutionalization of digital twins; sustainable application requires data compatibility, regulatory certainty, organizational accountability, and procedural trust.</jats:p>