Abstract
<jats:p>During World War II, the Russian émigré community in Serbia, particularly in Belgrade and Vojvodina, continued to maintain its educational, cultural, and religious activities despite extremely difficult circumstances. Approximately 8,000 Russians resided in Belgrade, where there was an organized educational system, including one elementary school and secondary schools (gymnasiums). Cultural activities, libraries, and charitable organizations were also present.In addition to education, there was a vibrant cultural scene: art exhibitions, publications, music, and social events within the Russian émigré community were all significant factors in preserving national identity. The Russian House in Belgrade served as a hub for various social and cultural institutions, including a school, library, church, theatre, and radio programs in Russian. Public lectures, concerts, performances, and ballet shows were held regularly.Education within the Russian émigré community in Serbia during World War II included more than 1,000 students and over 100 teachers. This demonstrates a strong commitment to preserving the Russian identity despite the many hardships they faced. The curriculum focused on teaching theRussian language, history, literature, and culture so that younger generations born or raised in exile could maintain awareness of their heritage and traditions.Gymnasiums and other educational institutions operated under challenging conditions, with limited facilities, teaching materials, and financial resources. Nevertheless, thanks to the dedication and high standards of teachers, as well as the hard work and interest of students, a high level of education and cultural life was maintained.Taking a special place within the educational system, the Russian Cadet Corps in Bela Crkva played a significant role in the upbringing of young men. In addition to providing a classical education, the Corps focused on discipline, moral values, physical fitness, and the preservation of military traditions of the Imperial Russian Army. This institution was not only a place of learning but also a symbol of persistence, order, and national pride for the Russian émigrés in Serbia. Despite the challenges of wartime isolation and uncertainty, the educational system of Russian émigrés in Serbia continued to thrive, maintaining its connection to cultural roots and traditions.The majority of Russian emigrants were anti-Communist and pro-German, which led to their evacuation in 1944 after the arrival of the Red Army. The Russian House and other institutions became Soviet-oriented, libraries were closed, and a significant part of the cultural legacy was either destroyed or transferred to the USSR. Those who stayed gradually integrated into the new Serbian environment.</jats:p>