Abstract
<jats:p>The purpose of the article is to systematically analyze the main categories of the German philosopher and legal scholar Carl Schmitt’s doctrine on the theological origins of political and legal science. Within the framework of the study, the author draws on the theoretical research of some important European political thinkers of the 20th century for the purpose of interpretation. The means for interpreting Schmitt's doctrine are the ideas of the modern Italian thinker Giorgio Agamben, who develops Schmitt's ideas about sovereign power and state of exception in his extensive project Homo sacer. The novelty of the article lies in the formation of a system of ideas about the main categories of political theology in the light of Schmitt’s and Agamben’s intellectual projects. As a result, the author draws conclusions about the eschatological essence of political theology, the binary nature of sovereignty, the messianic significance of the sovereign and its decision, and links it with the geopolitical concept of nomos of the Earth.</jats:p>