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Abstract
<jats:p>The Mongolian Plateau has been home to nomadic peoples since ancient times. Influenced by the harsh climate and a nomadic lifestyle, these groups developed distinctive ethnic attire characterized by the use of fur as the primary material, along with a two-piece design of upper garment and trousers, markedly different from the agricultural communities of the Central Plains. The nomadic peoples of the Mongolian Plateau encompassed a variety of ethnic groups that evolved, merged, and diverged due to factors such as war and politics, resulting in the formation and subdivision of new ethnicities and branches. While specific variations in attire emerged, the shared geographic environment and lifestyle fostered common features in their clothing: herding and hunting necessitated agile movement and well-fitting garments, while traversing the vast steppes required shorter, tighter robes and long boots for practicality. This paper traces the development and evolution of Khitan attire during the formation of the Khitan ethnic group. It examines the structural design of their clothing, compares it with the attire of the Tangut, Jurchen, Mongol, and Han peoples, and explores the origins of the Khitan clothing style in the 10th–13th centuries, with particular attention to the Mongolian influences within Khitan attire.</jats:p>