Abstract
<jats:p>The work presents data on the diagnosis and differentiation of states of psychomotor agitation. It is emphasized that this condition is quite common and develops in acute mental disorders, intoxications, somatic and neurological diseases, and stressful influences. The clinical picture of agitation is characterized by significant acuteness, severity, and intensity of symptoms with a dominance of impaired consciousness, psychotic disorders, aggression, affective, and severe behavioral deviation. Such conditions are dangerous for both the patient and those around them. In psychiatric practice, the following variants of psychomotor agitation are encountered: hallucinatory-delusional, depressive (melancholic), manic, catatonic, hebephrenic, amentive, epileptic, choreiform, hysterical, psychopathic, panic, erethic. Psychomotor agitation that develops in disorders due to alcohol and drug use also has certain characteristics. The article presents the states of psychomotor agitation of the indicated variants, which are important for timely diagnosis and differentiation when providing emergency care for patients. Help to patients with psychomotor agitation is provided not only by psychiatrists and narcologists but also by doctors of other specialties who contact such peoples in outpatient clinics and in hospitals. Information is given that today in all countries, there is a significant gap in the ability to provide specialized care for people with mental, neurological and substance use disorders. To address this problem in treatment, the World Health Organization developed the Mental Health Gap Action Programme, which is being actively implemented in Ukraine. Due to the importance of unifying approaches to providing care, information is given on the assessment and management of agitation states in accordance with the provisions of this programme. Depending on which type of agitation is diagnosed, recommendations are given for management using both non-drug de-escalation methods and therapy with the prescription of psychotropic medications.</jats:p>