Design and Simulation of a Tunable Meta-surface Filter Based on Liquid Crystal in the VIS–NIR Wavelength Range

<title>Abstract</title> <p>This study introduces a tunable optical filter based on a 1D aluminum metasurface combined with nematic liquid crystal (E7) for the VIS–NIR range. Using COMSOL simulations, the design exploits the liquid crystal’s birefringence and electro-optical properties to enable voltage-controlled tuning without physical alteration. Structures with varying grating periodicities were tested under TE and TM polarizations. Results show that TM polarization and double-layer configurations yield sharper resonances. Liquid crystal integration causes red shifts in peaks, offering dynamic reconfigurability. The findings highlight the design’s applicability in adaptive filters, optical sensors, and photonic switching.</p>