Abstract
<title>Abstract</title> <p>Objective To analyze the interim efficacy of different anticoagulation regimens for patients with long-term implantation of inferior vena cava filter (IVCF). Methods From August 2021 to August 2024, a retrospective analysis of patients who underwent long-term IVCF implantation in multiple centers was performed. Patients in group A (46 cases) did not receive oral anticoagulation therapy, patients in group B (66 cases) received extended secondary prophylaxis dose anticoagulation (rivaroxaban, oral, 10mg, once daily), and patients in group C (63 cases) received maintenance therapeutic dose anticoagulation (rivaroxaban, oral, 20mg, once daily), and the follow-up time was 12 months. The primary endpoint was the recurrence rate of the lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT). The secondary endpoints were the incidence of inferior vena cava filter thrombosis (IVCFT), bleeding-related adverse events, all-cause mortality, and venous clinical severity score (VCSS) at 12 months. Results The lower extremity DVT recurrence rate was 37.0% in group A, 13.6% in group B and 15.9% in group C. The incidence of IVCFT was 19.6% in group A, 6.1% in group B and 4.8% in group C; The incidence of bleeding-related adverse events was 2.2% in group A, 4.5% in group B and 17.5% in group C; All-cause mortality was 4.3% in group A, 4.5% in group B and 4.8% in group C; At 12 months, the VCSS was 3.94 ± 0.67 in group A, 1.98 ± 0.68 in group B and 1.91 ± 0.71 in group C. Conclusion In the interim follow-up of patients with long-term implantation of IVCF, anticoagulation therapy with rivaroxaban may reduce the recurrence of lower extremity DVT and the incidence of IVCFT compared with non-anticoagulation therapy, and alleviate the clinical symptoms of patients. The efficacy of maintenance therapeutic dose is similar to that of extended secondary prophylaxis dose, but the maintenance therapeutic dose increases the risk of bleeding.</p>