Abstract
<title>Abstract</title> <p> <bold>Purpose:</bold> Cancer is one of the leading causes of death in Chile, highlighting the need for regionally detailed and methodologically robust analyses to inform national public health policies. This study examines six major types of cancers: Breast, Lung, Colorectal, Stomach, Bladder, and Cervical. Across five regions with publicly available registry data over a 20-year period, we assessed the influence of geographic, demographic, and clinical factors on incidence and mortality. <bold>Methods:</bold> We analyzed 26943 cancer cases from the Chilean Population Cancer Registry (1998-2019). After data cleaning and filtering, we conducted descriptive analysis, age-adjusted incidence estimation, Kaplan-Meier survival analysis, and 1 Cox proportional Hazards modeling to assess survival differences by cancer type, region, sex, and age. <bold>Results:</bold> Marked geographic disparities were described. Northern regions, such as Antofagasta, showed a high incidence of lung and bladder cancers, whereas central-southern regions, such as Los Ríos, demonstrated elevated stomach cancer incidence. Survival outcomes varied widely across the different cancers: breast cancer exhibited the most favorable long-term survival, while lung and stomach cancers showed the poorest outcomes. The Cox model identified cancer type, age, sex, and region as significant predictors of mortality. <bold>Conclusion:</bold> Chile faces substantial regional heterogeneity in cancer presence. Integrating spatial and survival analyses provides critical evidence to guide region-specific prevention, early detection, and treatment strategies. </p>