Abstract
<title>Abstract</title> <p> Background and Aim: Diabetes mellitus is a major metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia and associated with severe complications affecting multiple organs. The limitations and adverse effects of currently available antidiabetic drugs have encouraged the exploration of medicinal plants as alternative therapeutic agents. The present study was designed to investigate the antidiabetic potential of the methanolic fruit extract of <italic>Ficus hispida</italic> (MEFH) in alloxan-induced diabetic mice and to support the findings through computational approaches. Methods Experimental diabetes was induced in Swiss albino mice by alloxan administration. The diabetic animals were treated orally with MEFH at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight, while glibenclamide was used as the standard drug. Blood glucose levels, body weight, serum biochemical markers, and lipid profile were evaluated. Preliminary phytochemical screening, molecular docking, pharmacokinetic analysis, and toxicity prediction were also performed to identify possible bioactive compounds and their mechanisms of action. Results MEFH treatment significantly reduced blood glucose levels and improved body weight and biochemical parameters in diabetic mice in a dose-dependent manner. The extract also restored altered lipid profile markers and exhibited no significant acute toxicity. In silico studies demonstrated favorable binding affinities of several phytochemicals against diabetes-related target proteins, with acceptable pharmacokinetic and toxicity profiles. Conclusion The combined in vivo and in silico findings suggest that <italic>Ficus hispida</italic> fruit extract possesses notable antidiabetic activity and may serve as a promising natural source for the development of novel antidiabetic agents. Further studies are required to isolate the active constituents and validate their clinical potential. </p>