Exporting clean agricultural products benefits both producers and people's health worldwide

<title>Abstract</title> <p> In recent years, the international agribusiness sector has undergone a paradigm shift toward sustainability and food safety. While macro-level factors of agricultural trade are heavily documented, a significant research gap persists regarding the systematic link between micro-level producer livelihoods and macro-level global health outcomes. This study fills this gap by developing an integrated "Producer-to-Consumer Welfare" framework that synthesizes Stakeholder Theory with the Global Value Chain (GVC) Governance Framework. Utilizing a systematic literature review (SLR) methodology aligned with PRISMA standards, this research analyzes a secondary dataset of 58 standardized documents published between 2015 and 2026, including 42 peer-reviewed articles and 16 strategic reports from international organizations (World Bank, FAO, WHO, FiBL). The empirical findings validate the dual-impact pathways of clean agricultural exports. Upstream, participation in certified clean value chains substantially upgrades smallholder livelihoods, generating a net agricultural income premium of +22% to +35% and reducing clinical chemical poisoning symptoms by 65%. Downstream, tightening maximum residue limits (MRLs) yields positive macroeconomic health spillovers in importing markets, evidenced by a 14.2% reduction in national disease burdens (DALYs) and an 88% decrease in border crossing rejections. Crucially, matrix analysis demonstrates that these bidirectional welfare flows do not occur spontaneously but are strictly regulated by GVC governance structures. Coordinated relational management networks protect consumer safety and ensure fair profit distribution upstream (60-70%), whereas fragmented market governance stifles economic incentives and exacerbates biofraud risks. These insights offer valuable implications for multinational enterprises restructuring global supply lines and policymakers designing targeted sustainability subsidies in developing economies. <bold>JEL Classification Code:</bold> F18 - Trade and Environment </p>