Abstract
<title>Abstract</title> <p>Background deep hard-rock mining in Canada (Sudbury, Timmins, Abitibi, and Kirkland Lake) operates at depths near or beyond 2,500 m, where rockbursts impose dynamic demands that conventional stiff support cannot meet. Canadian and Nordic engineering answered with energy-absorbing elements—cone-type yielding bolts and D-Bolts—showing that dissipation capacity multiplies when the element is designed to deform in a controlled manner. In parallel, the thin-walled structures literature has documented that fractal, hierarchical cross-section topologies raise specific energy absorption at equal mass. No study has yet integrated both research lines for cable bolts or examined their transfer to the Peruvian mining context. Methods a documentary, comparative-analytical study was conducted. First, the published quantitative evidence—each source bearing a verifiable digital identifier—on the static and dynamic performance of conventional and energy-absorbing reinforcement was systematized. Second, a generative design framework was formulated that parameterizes the cable-bolt section through fractal variables (iteration order, scale factor, branching angle, and strand diameter) and optimizes it with the multi-objective evolutionary algorithm NSGA-II coupled to explicit finite-element impact simulation. Third, the mechanical principles underpinning the concept were derived, each with its free-body diagram and governing equations. Fourth, a Canada–Peru technology-transfer matrix was built against representative Peruvian underground operations, detailing machinery, professional profiles, and a training program. Results the documented evidence shows that a 20 mm D-Bolt reaches impact loads of 200–230 kN with 14–20% elongation and cumulative absorption of up to 47 kJ/m, and that a 22 mm × 1.5 m section withstands single 56 kJ impacts—far beyond conventional fully grouted rebar. The Koch-fractal and hierarchical structures literature reports double-digit percentage gains in specific energy absorption at equal mass. The comparative matrix identifies Peru’s concrete gaps in laboratory dynamic testing, high-performance computing for generative design, and specialized talent, and defines a five-phase roadmap for pilots at deepening underground operations such as Cerro Lindo, Yauricocha, and Uchucchacua. Conclusions coupling fractal topology with evolutionary optimization is a plausible, verifiable route to the next generation of energy-absorbing cable bolts. Its transfer to Peru is feasible in stages, provided prototypes are validated through standardized dynamic testing before any operational deployment.</p>