Abstract
<title>Abstract</title> <p>This study employed untargeted metabolomics to compare serum metabolic profiles in the coronary sinus of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PaAF) versus control subjects. Multivariate statistical analyses, including PCA and OPLS-DA, identified 206 differential metabolites among 1,564 detected metabolites. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed that the core mechanisms involve abnormal aromatic compound metabolism, impaired mitochondrial fatty acid β-oxidation, and amino acid metabolic disorders, accompanied by enhanced detoxification pathways. Notably, S-phenylmercapturic acid exhibited an AUC of 0.850, indicating strong diagnostic potential. The findings demonstrate significant metabolic reprogramming in PaAF patients, providing a theoretical basis for the discovery of novel biomarkers and the development of targeted therapies.</p>