Abstract
<title>Abstract</title> <p>Psychosocial and emotional experiences vary substantially across individuals, yet whether this heterogeneity reflects reproducible population-level structure remains unclear. Here, we examined psychosocial–emotional heterogeneity in 628 university students from two independent cohorts using a multidimensional profiling framework integrating environmental and emotional characteristics. Four psychosocial–emotional profiles emerged, each representing a distinct configuration of psychosocial context and emotional burden rather than variation along a single symptom dimension. These profiles exhibited systematically different patterns of psychosocial–emotional network organization, including differences in environmental–emotional connectivity and environmental factor centrality. Importantly, the profile structure was independently recovered in the validation cohort despite substantial between-cohort variation, demonstrating strong cross-sample reproducibility. Supervised profile transfer further showed robust generalizability across cohorts, with profile assignments exceeding 80% agreement with independently identified profiles. Together, these findings suggest that psychosocial–emotional heterogeneity is organized into reproducible population-level configurations that can be reliably identified across independent populations. By integrating multidimensional profiling, network characterization, and cross-cohort validation, this work provides a scalable framework for investigating heterogeneity in population mental health and for developing profile-informed approaches to prevention and intervention.</p>