Abstract
<title>Abstract</title> <p>Background: Biochemical recurrence (BCR) following radical prostatectomy is an early indicator of prostate cancer recurrence and serves as a parameter for the intensity of follow-up and for decisions regarding salvage therapy. This study aimed to assess the clinicopathologic, imaging, nutritional and inflammatory risk factors for BCR following RP in patients with localized prostate cancer. Methods: A single-center retrospective cohort of 213 patients with localized prostate cancer who had known BCR status and follow-up time was included. BCR-free survival was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier curves, log-rank tests and Cox proportional-hazards models. Results: 60 patients (28.2%) had BCR during a median follow-up/time-to-event of 15.0 months (IQR 7.0-23.5). The higher PSA burden, adverse grade, higher tumor burden, PI-RADS 5, perineural invasion, lower PNI and intraductal carcinoma were associated with BCR in univariable analysis. In the multivariable model, intraductal carcinoma and log-transformed PSA were independent predictors. Conclusions: Tumor burden and adverse histopathologic features were correlated with BCR after RP. The results of these findings are supportive of risk adapted postoperative surveillance and prospective multicenter validation.</p>