Abstract
<title>Abstract</title> <p>Background This study aims to evaluate the impact of language barriers between physicians and patients on the success of thyroid fine-needle aspiration (FNA) procedures. Effective communication during medical interventions is crucial for patient compliance, particularly in minimally invasive procedures such as FNA, where patient cooperation is essential. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on patients who underwent thyroid FNA between 2022 and 2024 at two training and research hospitals. Patients were divided into two groups: Group 1 consisted of patients who spoke the same language as the physician (Turkish), and Group 2 included patients who spoke a different language (Kurdish or Arabic). Professional translators or family members assisted with communication for non-Turkish-speaking patients. Demographic data, thyroid nodule size, and cytological results were recorded and analyzed. Statistical comparisons between the two groups were made to assess the influence of language on diagnostic outcomes. Results A total of 155 patients were included in the study, with a median age of 46 years, 83.2% of whom were female. Nondiagnostic cytology results were significantly greater in Group 2 (47%) than in Group 1 (19%) (p < 0.005). Additionally, the mean age of Group 2 patients was significantly greater than that of Group 1 patients (p = 0.001). No significant differences were found between the two groups in terms of nodule size or sex. Conclusion Language barriers between patients and physicians significantly increase the likelihood of nondiagnostic outcomes in thyroid FNA procedures. Miscommunication, patient anxiety, and procedural noncompliance were identified as contributing factors. Addressing language barriers through improved translation services and patient communication strategies could enhance procedural success and reduce healthcare costs associated with repeated interventions.</p>