Assessment of Salivary Riboflavin and Vitamin C Levels and Their Correlation with Oral Health Parameters in Chronic Psychiatric Rehabilitation Patients

<title>Abstract</title> <p> Introduction: Oral health and change of nutritional conditionis often linked with psychiatric disorders. Micronutrients like riboflavin and vitamin C are very critical in immune regulation, antioxidant defenses, mucosal structures and systemic activity. There is little evidence to assess the connection between salivary micronutrient levels and oral health in chronic psychiatric rehabilitation groups.The study aims to assess salivary riboflavin and vitamin C concentrations in chronic psychiatric rehabilitation patients and correlate findings with oral health status before and after vitamin supplementation. Materials and Methods The study was an interventional one that involved 62 participants in psychiatric rehabilitation. Standard clinical criteria were used to conduct oral health assessment. Salivary samples were taken and tested to determine the riboflavin and vitamin C levels.A group of individuals diagnosed with the deficiency of vitamin C was exposed to supplementation (500mg/day) in the course of four weeks.Two-way ANOVAwas used to statistically analyze the data with the level of significance set to p &lt; 0.05. Results Riboflavin was found in normal reference ranges in all the subjects and there was no significant difference between the psychiatric and control group.The level of vitamin C was not uniform,and some of the patients, especially those having psychosis, exhibited biochemical deficiency. After the supplementation, the salivary vitamin C concentration was significantly more than before, which demonstrates that deficiency was successfully corrected. Conclusion Riboflavin supplementation was not required in this population; however, vitamin C deficiency was clinically evident,especially among psychiatric subgroups.Vitamin C supplementation effectively restored normal biochemical levels,highlighting the need for targeted nutritiona lassessment and supplementation within psychiatric rehabilitation care pathways. Routine nutritional screening, especially for vitamin C status, may support improved oral health outcomes and contribute to a more comprehensive and individualized care approach in psychiatric rehabilitation settings. Clinical trial registration This study was registered in clinical trial registry of india (CTRI) with registration number <bold>CTRI/2022/12/048299</bold> [Registered on: 20/12/2022] Trial registration This study was registered in clinical trial registry of india (CTRI) with registration number <bold>CTRI/2022/12/048299</bold> [Registered on: 20/12/2022] </p>