Multi-Tier Newtonian Gravity: A Cosmic-Node-Based Alternative to LCDM for the Hubble Tension

Authors: Thomas J. Buckholtz

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Published: Unknown date

Source: Crossref

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Abstract

<jats:p>We propose a non-Lambda-CDM framework, Multi-tier Newtonian Gravity (MULTING), that builds cosmic expansion history from local, pairwise gravitational interactions between cosmic-web nodes, rather than assuming a single global metric from the outset. We hypothesize that a node’s intracluster medium (ICM) thermal energy induces a repulsive, dipole-like gravitational force component, motivating a multipole expansion of the two-body force law between nodes. By fitting 33 data points (31 Cosmic Chronometer H(z) measurements (0&lt;z&lt;1.97), SH0ES, and a DESI DR2 Lyman-alpha measurement at z=2.33), MULTING produces a well-identified solution family that reduces the Planck-SH0ES tension, while performing as well as or somewhat better than flat Lambda-CDM, fixed at its standard published values, on both chi-squared and Pearson-r across all 33 points.</jats:p>

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Multi-Tier Newtonian Gravity: A Cosmic-Node-Based Alternative to LCDM for the Hubble Tension

Abstract

Keywords

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