Chronology of the History of the Development of the Penal System in Documents and Events (Part Two)

<jats:p>The article analyzes the legal acts of the Russian Federation and the USSR of 1991-1992, which determined the transformation of the penal system and the legal status of internal affairs bodies. It examines legislative initiatives that established the rights and social guarantees of police officers and internal troops, regulated the execution of punishments, parole, the protection of correctional facilities, and the rights of convicts, including freedom of conscience and personal security. Special attention is paid to the humanization of penal legislation, the social and economic regulation of institutions, the reform of the Ministry of Internal Affairs structure, and the replacement of the death penalty with life imprisonment. The analysis reveals a trend towards strengthening the legal and social protection of employees and convicts, as well as the institutional consolidation of the penal system.</jats:p>