Abstract
<jats:p>This article explores the possibility of a philosophical and mathematical synthesis within the framework of the Russian philosophical tradition of All-Unity (vseedinstvo) and the project of Neo-Unity developed by Vyacheslav Ivanovich Moiseev. The author compares the key intuitions and achievements of both directions, demonstrating pathways for the integration of philosophy and mathematics. The study highlights the distinctive features of the philosophy of All-Unity, which emphasizes the metaphysical primacy of the level of unity, and contrasts it with the contemporary stage, which develops mathematized methods of philosophizing. Special attention is paid to the works of Pavel Florensky (Imaginaries in Geometry, Number as Form) and his contribution to the formation of ideas about the dual structure of reality. An original approach is proposed for examining the problem of antinomianism and interpreting polarities through the use of mathematical models. The study emphasizes the relevance and potential of further developing a philosophical-mathematical synthesis for the formation of an integral scientific worldview.</jats:p>