Abstract
<jats:p>The monograph is devoted to the study of one of the "eternal" philosophical problems: the essence and existence of man, eternal and temporary, sacred and profane in him. Special emphasis is placed on considering the current state of a person through the coordinates of the "horizontal" and "vertical"; through the "prism" of his mental life, needs and duties, pleasures and joy. Russian research is the result of many years of the author's work, reflected in the books: "The Genesis of mental life", "Soul: the metaphysics of self-determination", Homo nudes, "The Heartbreaker", "The Soul of Russian Culture". Russian culture is addressed to teachers, graduate students, and students who are interested in the metaphysics of Russian culture.</jats:p>