Maternal emergencies during pregnancy, labour, and postpartum

<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of critical maternal emergencies and complications encountered in midwifery practice. Beginning with an introduction to the physiological and clinical context of maternal collapse, the chapter explores life-threatening conditions that demand rapid recognition and multidisciplinary response. Eclampsia, HELLP syndrome, and acute fatty liver of pregnancy are examined as hypertensive and hepatic disorders with overlapping features but distinct management pathways. Disseminated intravascular coagulation is discussed in relation to its coagulopathic impact across obstetric scenarios, including obstetric haemorrhage. The chapter differentiates between antepartum and major postpartum haemorrhage, highlighting causes, risk factors, and evidence-based interventions. Uterine inversion is presented as a rare but dramatic emergency requiring immediate manual or surgical correction. Anaesthetic complications such as failed intubation, high spinal block, and local anaesthetic systemic toxicity are addressed with emphasis on airway management and pharmacological safety. Embolic events—including amniotic fluid embolism and thromboembolism—are reviewed for their sudden onset and high mortality risk. Maternal collapse is explored as a clinical presentation with diverse aetiologies, including anaphylaxis and cardiac arrest. The chapter outlines structured response protocols, including the use of the maternal resuscitation algorithm and perimortem caesarean section. Finally, maternal mortality is contextualised within national surveillance frameworks, with discussion on preventable factors, systemic learning, and the role of midwives in promoting safety and equity. This chapter equips midwifery professionals with the knowledge to anticipate, recognise, and respond to maternal emergencies, reinforcing the importance of vigilance, teamwork, and compassionate care.</jats:p>