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Abstract
<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title> <jats:p>This third edition of the commentary on the EU citizenship Directive takes full account of many legal developments since the previous edition, including extensive case law and EU guidance on applying the Directive. It provides a revised and expanded analysis of the context in which the Directive operates, including examining interactions with provisions of the EU Treaties, other secondary law instruments, as well as on the Schengen area without controls at internal borders. The third edition also covers the rules in the Brexit withdrawal agreement as well as treaties between the EU and other non-EU countries that provide for at least some of the provisions of the Directive to apply between the EU and the non-EU country. The commentary fully examines the entire Directive, including the definition of EU citizens and their family members, residence and permanent residence rights, and exceptions relating to public policy, security, and public health.</jats:p>