Abstract
<jats:p>There are many gastrointestinal conditions and surgical procedures that affect a child's feeding ability, requiring dietetic management. The majority of these will be diagnosed as a neonate, and management will be in a tertiary paediatric surgical centre. This chapter describes some examples that include: oesophageal atresia (OA) and tracheo‐oesophageal fistula (TOF), duodenal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, gastroschisis and exomphalos, Hirschsprung's disease, ileostomy, short bowel syndrome, and so on. OA and TOF commonly occur together and are usually repaired at the same time, soon after birth, to disconnect the TOF between the trachea and the oesophagus. Babies with OA/TOF are more likely to have gastrooesophageal reflux that can cause problems and may be treated with medication for the first year of life at least. Surgical management of necrotising enterocolitis, small intestinal perforation or volvulus may result in an infant having an ileostomy formation.</jats:p>